ATI Pathophysiology Practice Exam 2025 - Free Pathophysiology Practice Questions and Study Guide

Anemia is defined as a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which directly impacts the blood's ability to transport oxygen throughout the body. When the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin is lower than normal, the result is reduced oxygen delivery to tissues and organs, potentially leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and pallor. This condition can arise from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies (such as iron, vitamin B12, or folate), chronic diseases, or bone marrow problems.

The other options presented do not accurately describe anemia. High blood pressure pertains to hypertension, which is a separate cardiovascular condition. An increase in white blood cell count is associated with infections or inflammatory responses, not anemia. Lastly, excessive iron in the blood refers to a condition known as hemochromatosis, which is unrelated to the deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin characteristic of anemia.