ATI Pathophysiology Practice Exam

What is a notable result of the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

1. Decreased respiratory rate

2. Increased cardiac output

3. Decreased blood pressure

4. Increased digestion activity

The correct answer is: Increased cardiac output

The stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system leads to a "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body to respond to stress or danger. A notable outcome of this stimulation includes increased cardiac output. This occurs due to various factors, including increased heart rate and enhanced contractility, which allows the heart to pump more blood efficiently to vital organs and muscles. This increase in cardiac output ensures that the body receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients to respond effectively to perceived threats. In contrast, the other options reflect physiological responses that are not associated with sympathetic stimulation. For instance, decreased respiratory rate and decreased blood pressure are more characteristic of parasympathetic activity, which promotes rest and digestion. Additionally, increased digestion activity is primarily influenced by the parasympathetic nervous system, which diverts energy towards digestive processes rather than immediate survival responses. Thus, the correct answer highlights the sympathetic nervous system's crucial role in preparing the body for action.